漫画英语作文框架【一】
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
漫画英语作文框架【二】
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
漫画英语作文框架【三】
Some fish are forced to leave polluted water and are flying in the sky. But unfortunately, air is also so polluted that they have to wear masks. Each of them is crying, “Where is my home?” What a terrible sight!
Mankind has brought so much pollution. Waste is being poured into rivers and seas. Poisons to kill pests in farming and chemicals go into rivers and seas, too. Poisonous gasses from factories also make the air so dirty. The whole balance of nature is being destroyed as a result of our ignorance of the environmental protection.
Personally, man can not live alone on the earth. Should fish die from serious pollution, so would man! It is high time we did something to prevent such a scene from happening.
漫画英语作文框架【四】
漫画英语作文框架【五】
翻译是受关联理论影响最大的学科之一。德国学者Gutt认为，翻译是一种言语交际行为，是与大脑机制密切联系的推理过程，它不仅涉及语码，更重要的是根据语境进行动态的推理，而推理的依据就是关联性。关联性就是制约翻译的基本原则，翻译的成功与否在于原交际者的目的和读者（听者）的要求在认知环境方面与原文相似。关联理论引入翻译研究，对翻译理论和实践都具有指导意义。
美国著名语言学家、翻译理论权威尤金·奈达博士也认为：“翻译就是交际。”他指出，信息如果不能被读者接受则丧失其交际作用，而译文如果起不到交际作用，不能为读者所理解，就是不合格的。
原作者和译者都是通过交际意图把信息告诉各自的读者，因此，要做到忠实于原作者的交际意图，这就需要译者首先要理解原文，并根据关联原则找到各种信息的最佳关联，获得最佳的语境效果，最终做出一个最能体现原作者交际意图的译文。成功的译文是使译文读者可以不必花费较多的努力就能获得与原文读者相同的语境效果，并能准确地理解原作者的交际意图。
关联理论把翻译看作是一个交际过程，而翻译过程包含作者与译者之间的交际和译者与读者之间的交际这两个交际过程。因此，译者不仅要有准确理解作者交际意图的能力，还应充分考虑译文环境下译文读者的认知能力，帮助译文读者找到与译文语境之间的最佳关联，达到最佳交际效果。译者作为原文的读者接受来自原文本的信息，这些信息提供的动态语境与译者的认知语境相结合，产生译者对原文本的理解。在理解过程中，译者运用自己的语言知识和推理能力努力达到对原文作者意图的最接近的理解，从而做到对原文的“忠实”。然而，译文忠实于原文的程度依赖于译者对译文读者的了解。如果译者不顾译文读者的认知语境和知识结构，将原文原封不动地呈现给译文读者，只会使译文读者不知所云，导致交际失败。例如，如果把“Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard。”直译为“据说家家户户的壁橱里至少都藏着一具骷髅。”就会使译文读者困惑不解。此译文只是对原文的表面意思做了传达，并未传达原文的真实意义，对于不了解西方文化背景的译文读者来说就很难以理解。然而。如果将其翻译为“常言道：壁橱里藏骷髅，丑事家家有。”这样，译者就找到了原文与译文语境的最佳关联，译文也更易被中国读者所接受，译者就达到了完成作者与译文读者之间最佳交际的目的。
译者作为原作者和译文读者之间的桥梁，其主要任务是保证两者之间交际的成功。为了保证原文作者和译文读者之间交际的成功，译者可以采取各种翻译策略来帮助译文读者找到原文与译文语境的最佳关联，达到最佳的交际效果。因此，译文读者在这一交际过程中的角色是不容忽视的。译者需要对译文读者的`认知结构和知识结构有充分的了解，做出准确的判断，对译文的表达方式做出适合译文读者的选择。如对《红楼梦》中的谚语“谋事在人，成事在天”的翻译，霍克斯直接引用英语谚语“Man proposes，God disposes。”撇开原作中的佛教色彩，使译作带上了基督教色彩，从而使原文作者曹雪芹向译文读者靠近。
翻译是语际意义的转换，意义问题是翻译的核心问题。在翻译过程中，既要重视语言本身，也要重视在不同的语境中语言所要表达的真正含义。语境在关联理论中又称为语境假设，不仅包括上下文和说话时的社会环境，还包括百科知识和当时感知的信息，这些信息并不构成一个单一的语境，而是一系列语境。在话语理解中，人们只是选取某一特定语境对信息进行推理。交际能否顺利进行，主要看听话者能否选择正确的语境。Sperber和Wilson提出了动态的语境观。语境不是静态的，而是在话语理解过程中不断选择的结果。很多情况下，交际者的交际意图可能会和话语的字面意思不一致甚至相反，这就要求听话者结合自己的认知结构和百科知识及推理能力找到与说话者的话语信息相关的语境假设，通过推理正确的判断说话者的交际意图。例如：“She is a fox。”译文有“她是只狐狸”、“她是个狐狸精”或“她是个时尚迷人的女人”在中英文化中，“狐狸”都可以与狡猾、诡计多端的人联系在一起，但当“狐狸”与女性联系在一起，汉语与英语就有了不同的文化色彩。如果译者不了解中英不同的文化语境，按照中国人的认知思维，把fox翻译成“狐狸精”，那无疑是错误的，因为在英语中，它指的是时髦迷人的女子。因此，译者应该对原语进行文化推理，获得最佳的语境效果才能得出准确的译文，达到交际的目的。
漫画英语作文框架【六】
Study the two pictures above carefully and write an essay entitled “On Education of China” In the essay, you should (1 describe the pictures (2 interpret their meaning (3 give your opinion about the phenomenon .You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points
[参考范文]
The two pictures look so similar at one glance, but they are totally different. In the first picture, a peasant boy, carrying a heavy bundle of rice straw is out of breath under the great pressure. His hope is to have a school to attend. In the second picture, a student is on his way home from school, a heavy bag of books on his back. What he wishes is that he didn’t have to go to school any more. How can the two boys at the same age have such different ideas about attending school?
The two pictures show some problems in the present education system in China. In the poor countryside, especially in some western parts of China, the education is also poor. There are no buildings for classrooms, let alone good teachers. Children there cannot have regular education. They are sometimes forced to leave their studies because their families cannot afford the necessary fees. However, the situation is totally different in the cities. Almost all the children in the cities can have regular education. They can enjoy the bright classrooms and adequate facilities. But they have their own problems. What they face is the endless homework, which puts so much pressure on them that some students don’t want to continue their studies.
Given the problems above, our government has taken some measures. “The Hope Project” has been in operation to ensure that children in the poor areas can achieve education. Some strategies have also been put into force to reduce the pressure on the students. Teachers are asked not to give too much homework. Emphasis should be put on the improvement of the quality of the students. However, there is a long way to go in the improvement of our education conditions. The whole society should be mobilized to make some contributions to our education.
漫画英语作文框架【七】
016英语四级漫画作文预测四级英语很快就要到来了，英语是占据重要的部分，快来看看下面的范文及写作指导吧。
下面请看一篇漫画式命题的作文预测题：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should express your views on the impact of air pollution. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
【参考模板范文】
The Impact of Air Pollution
The cartoon vividly reveals the phenomenon of air pollution or the decline of air quality. In the cartoon we can see the air pollution is so serious that the earth can't bear it.
What exactly contribute to this phenomenon? Possible reasons can be listed as follows: firstly, vehicle exhaust gases could be one of the most leading causes. With the improvement of economy and people's living standard, urban inhabitants in mounting numbers own their private cars. More automobiles will inevitably generate more exhaust gases. Additionally, household appliances widely used in cities also release a great amount of carbon dioxide gases, which further intensifies air pollution. Last but not least, many factories around the cities emit large quantities of untreated poisonous gases, which should also be responsible for the decline of air quality.
Definitely, air pollution will exert a detrimental impact on many aspects of people's life. For example, many diseases such as cough, skin problem and lung cancer are caused by it. Perhaps it is high time that we should adopt some measures to solve the problem of air pollution.
英语漫画作文写作指导
第一、读图审题
四级漫画作文中的漫画通常反映一个社会现象或生活哲理，要求考生根据自己对漫画的理解来写作。因此，要写好四级漫画作文，审题格外重要。考生在下笔之前要仔细看漫画，弄清漫画的寓意，这是文章切题的保证。此外，在本次四级考试的三道写作题中，Directions部分都给出了写作内容的大致方向，这也为考生把握漫画寓意提供了帮助。下面笔者就来逐一梳理2013年6月四级作文的三幅漫画及其传达的寓意。
第二、谋篇布局
在把握文章的主旨之后，考生就可以构思整篇文章的架构了。四级漫画作文的写作可以分为下面三个段落。
第一段：开门见山，简要描述一下漫画内容，并指出漫画的寓意。描述漫画内容是为了揭示其中的寓意，是手段而不是目的，所以描述要简洁明快，一般来说一句话足矣。需要提醒考生的是，写作的Directions部分虽然给出了大致的写作主题，但是也要求考生对漫画进行简要描述，因此考生切不可抛开漫画内容直接展开议论。
第二段：表达考生对漫画寓意的看法，这是文章的重心所在。比如，就第一道写作题目而言，考生应在第二段阐述阅读文学作品的重要性;就第二道写作题目而言，考生应在第二段论述为什么凡事必须从小事做起;就第三道写作题目而言，考生应在第二段论述掌握基本技能的重要性。
第三段：指出漫画的寓意对大学生的教育意义，或者提出解决问题的建议。考生需要注意的是，结尾段一般并不需要实质性的分析，其主要作用是总结和升华，使文章结构完整。所以结尾段的写作要简明扼要，点到即止。
第三、论证方法
漫画作文的'第二段要表达考生对漫画寓意的看法，这是文章的核心段落，也是作文字数达到要求的关键。因此，考生在这一段要浓墨重彩，写深、写透。在写这一段时，考生要尽量摆事实、讲道理，避免空泛的议论。针对这一核心段落，笔者在此推荐以下三种展开议论的常用方法，希望对考生有所启发。
1.条分缕析
在写作第二段时，考生可以从2～3个方面对观点展开论述，这种写法可使文章显得层次清楚、条理清晰。例如，本次四级作文第一道题目的第二段需要阐述阅读文学作品的重要性，考生就可以从以下两个方面展开：第一，相对于电子媒体，文学阅读更能培养人的想象力;第二，阅读文学作品能够帮助我们更好地了解社会。请参考下面的范文。
There wasa time when children could relish (欣赏/ 也可以使用appreciate 替换 literature. But childrentoday can enjoy the sounds and action on a TV or computer screen. “So why bother reading?” some ask. The reasonis obvious： It enriches our imagination. When we read apiece of literature， we are living the life of RobinHood or starting an adventure with Tom Sawyer. In addition， literature is the mirror of society，whether it be poetry， drama or fiction. We know thesociety better through literature.
2.举例论证
如果漫画所传达的是抽象的人生哲理，那么考生在论述时最好能举出具体的事例，尽量避免空洞的说教。比如，就本次四级作文第二道题目而言，考生可以在第二段中举出一些成功人士如何从小事做起的例子。笔者下面提供的范文中用到的是哈兰·桑德斯上校从一个小吃店做起，最后缔造出遍布全球的肯德基快餐帝国的例子，用以证明只有从小事做起，才能成就大事。请看下面的范文。
Everything is smallbefore it is big. A good example is KFC. In 1930 Colonel Harland Sanders beganserving food to his service station customers in Corbin， a city in Kentucky. He fried chicken in his own kitchen andperfected his secret recipe there. From the small roadside eatery， he went on to build an empire of fast food.
3.类比论证
如果漫画中的寓意不容易通过具体的事例来证明，那么考生还可以使用类比论证的方法，即通过打比方来论证一个抽象的道理。比如，对于本次四级作文的第三道题目，考生可以在第二段中用学习打篮球的过程来打比方。学习打篮球时，只有先学会了投球、运球、传球这些基本技能，才能进一步学习高难度的技能。以此类推，无论做任何事情，只有掌握了基本的技能，才可能取得更大的成功。此外，考生还可以举出统计数字，用具体的研究结果来证明论点。请看下面的范文。
Simple as they mayseem， basic skills serve as the first link in the chain of success. Thisis analogous to learning to play basketball. If shooting， dribbling and passing are not mastered，learning advanced skills will become difficult， if notimpossible. A growing body of research has also documented that such basicskills as reading， writing and computing are highlycorrelated with success later in life. A 2012 study surveyed 300 CEOs ofFortune 500 companies and found that 87% attributed part of their success tothe basic skills they learned in primary school.
漫画英语作文框架【八】
Study the two pictures above carefully and write an essay entitled “On the Relationship between Environment and Economy” In the essay, you should (1 describe the pictures and interpret their meaning (2 give your opinion with some proof (3 give your conclusion.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points
[参考范文]On the Relationship between Environment and Economy
The two pictures above are both about the relationship between the environment and the economic development. In the first picture, GDP is on the rise while the environment is drastically polluted. In the second picture, economic efficiency progresses with environmental protection. It’s easy to get the conclusion that development according to the second picture is more reasonable than that in the first one.
In the early development of socialism, our country didn’t pay much attention to the issue of environmental protection and savored the bitterness. Now, the government has taken many measures and is implementing the strategy of “sustainable development”. One aspect of the strategy is to develop the economy and take measures to protect the environment at the same time. In this way, we can develop our country in a sustainable manner and our offspring can have enough resources to develop society. If we don’t put much emphasis on the environment issue and excavate the natural resources blindly, our country will become a barren land sooner or later.
In a word, sustainable development is a reasonable strategy which should be implemented for a long time. The nature is providing us with plentiful resources generously, but it may punish us severely if we don’t care her.
