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英语小作文建议信的万能句(英语作文写建议的万能句子)

英语小作文建议信的万能句(英语作文写建议的万能句子)

更新时间:2024-05-14 13:19:21
英语小作文建议信的万能句(英语作文写建议的万能句子)

英语小作文建议信的万能句【一】

[1]Halliday,M. A. K.Language as Social Semiotic[M]. London: Arnold,1978.

[2]胡壮麟,姜望其.语言学教程[M]. 北京大学出版社,2001.

[3]Halliday,M. A. K.An Introduction to Functional Grammar[M]. 外语教学与研究出版社;Edward Arnold( Publishers) Limited,2000.(2011)08-0000-00

英语小作文建议信的万能句【二】

1 A good case in point is ...

2 As an illustration, we may take ...

3 Such examples might be given easily.

4 ...is often cited as an example.

英语小作文建议信的万能句【三】

Fox is with the grape

Hungry of the fox see the grape to up hang the radiant and extremely keen grape of a string, saliva direct current, and want to pick to eat, but again

Can not take off.See in a short while, helplessly walked, and his side walk the side oneself to comfort to by oneself say:" this grape have noes familiar, affirmative

Is sour."

This is to say, and the some person's ability is small, and do to not accomplish anything, borrow to say the opportune moment immaturity.

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Wolf and egret

The wolf mistake swallowed a piece of bone, very suffered, running about, look for to visit the doctor everywhere.He met the egret, and talk to settle the service fees to invite him to take out the bone, egret to stretch in the wolf's throat the own head, and the 叼 outs bone, then toward to settle the good service fees wolfThe wolf answer says:" hello, friend, you can since the wolf 嘴 take back the head in the peace ground, and the difficult way return the dissatisfied foot, and how and still speak the guerdon?"

This story elucidation, guerdon badly person act charitably, and is a bad person of cognition and does not speak the reputation's innate character.

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Little boy and scorpion son

There is a child in front of city wall to catch the grasshopper, and in a short while caught the lots of.Suddenly see a scorpion son, he to think is also grasshopper,

Then two go to catch him.The scorpion son raises his poison to stab, say:" come, if you really dare to do like this, connect your grasshopper that catch to also would entirely lose."

This story warns people, and want to distinguish the pure good man with the bad person, and distinct to treat them.

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Drop at the fox in the well with the 公 goat

An only the fox take a wrong stepped the well, in spite of how he struggle can not still climb up, and have to be foolish there.The 公 goat feels

Thirsty pole, arrive at this well the side, and see the fox under the well, and then ask him the well water the how about it to drink?The fox feels the opportunity to come, heart inside

The 暗 pleaseds, right away the town quiet down, make every effort the laudation well water good drink, say this water is a world the first spring, pure and sweet and good to eat, and advise the goat to hurry up

Come down, and drink to heart's content with him.A the heart think only of to drink the water letter to think the true goat, then the without stopping to think ground jump downed to go to, and be his 咕咚咕 the 咚 painful

After finishing drinking, have to with the fox together totally the company ascend the well's way.Fox early contain preparation, he to archly say:" I pour to have a

Method.You pick with forepaw on the well wall, again Cape 竖直 , I behind carry on the back to jump up the well to go to from you, and pull you again to come up, we all

Save." the 公 goat agreed his proposal, fox to trample the feet of his empress, and jump he carry top on his back, and then make an effort from the Cape a

Jump, jump outed the mouth of a well.The fox go ups the hereafter, and the preparation alone escape.The 公 goat blames the fox and does not keep the 诺 speech.The fox returns overdo

Say to 公 goat:" hello, friend, beard that you of brains if resemble you are so perfect, you not to the extent of at did not see the pure exit it

Front blindly jump down to go to."

This story elucidation, cleverness of the person should to in advance think it over the affair's result, then just go to do.

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译文:

狐狸和葡萄

饥饿的狐狸看见葡萄架上挂着一串串晶莹剔透的葡萄,口水直流,想要摘下来吃,但又

摘不到。看了一会儿,无可奈何地走了,他边走边自己安慰自己说:“这葡萄没有熟,肯定

是酸的。”

这就是说,有些人能力小,做不成事,就借口说时机未成熟。

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狼与鹭鸶

狼误吞下了一块骨头,十分难受,四处奔走,寻访医生。他遇见了鹭鸶,谈定酬金请他取出骨头,鹭鸶把自己的头伸进狼的喉咙里,叼出了骨头,便向狼要定好的酬金。狼回答说:“喂,朋友,你能从狼嘴里平安无事地收回头来,难道还不满足,怎么还要讲报酬?”

这故事说明,对坏人行善的报酬,就是认识坏人不讲信用的.本质。

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小男孩与蝎子

有个小孩在城墙前捉蚱蜢,一会儿就捉了许多。忽然看见一只蝎子,他以为也是蚱蜢,

便着两手去捕捉他。蝎子举起他的毒刺,说道:“来吧,如果你真敢这样做,就连你捉的蚱蜢也会统统失掉。”

这故事告诫人们,要分辨清好人和坏人,区别对待他们。

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掉在井里的狐狸和公山羊

一只狐狸失足掉到了井里,不论他如何挣扎仍没法爬上去,只好呆在那里。公山羊觉得

口渴极了,来到这井边,看见狐狸在井下,便问他井水好不好喝?狐狸觉得机会来了,心中

暗喜,马上镇静下来,极力赞美井水好喝,说这水是天下第一泉,清甜爽口,并劝山羊赶快

下来,与他痛饮。一心只想喝水信以为真的山羊,便不假思索地跳了下去,当他咕咚咕咚痛

饮完后,就不得不与狐狸一起共商上井的办法。狐狸早有准备,他狡猾地说:“我倒有一个

方法。你用前脚扒在井墙上,再把角竖直了,我从你后背跳上井去,再拉你上来,我们就都

得救了。”公山羊同意了他的提议,狐狸踩着他的后脚,跳到他背上,然后再从角上用力一

跳,跳出了井口。狐狸上去以后,准备独自逃离。公山羊指责狐狸不信守诺言。狐狸回过头

对公山羊说:“喂,朋友,你的头脑如果像你的胡须那样完美,你就不至于在没看清出口之

前就盲目地跳下去。”

这故事说明,聪明的人应当事先考虑清楚事情的结果,然后才去做。

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英语小作文建议信的万能句【四】

3.1 样本与分析方法

本文选取的五篇英文议论文样本如下:The Real Truth About Lies (Randy Fitzgerald,882 字,选自The World Of English,2001.6); Education ( E.B. White,1021字,选自The Hill Reader,135-155); The Art Of SmartGuessing ( Bryan W. Mattimore,1034 字,选自The World English,2001.2); On The Art OfAdvertising ( Samuel Johnson功能语法,995 字,选自 The Hill Reader,453-455); 以及 The Green Frog Skin(John Lame Deer,1166 字,选自The Hill Reader ,332-334).

笔者依据物质,心理,关系,行为,言语和存在六个过程对每篇文章的分句进行了判定,并为进一步的量化分析计算出各分句所占比例。具体分布情况如下表所示:

物质

过程

心理

过程

关系

过程

行为

过程

言语

过程

存在

过程

总计

篇章1

26

13

32

1

25

4

101

篇章2

35

8

29

7

5

8

92

篇章3

26

9

35

2

1

14

87

篇章4

31

13

24

7

7

82

篇章5

42

13

46

10

7

3

121

总计

160

56

166

20

45

36

483

百分比

33%

11.6%

34.4%

4%

9%

7.5%

主句

16

16

40

2

16

7

97

百分比

16.5%

16.5%

41.2%

2%

16.5%

7.2%

附属从句与嵌入式从句

64

22

36

10

9

13

154

百分比

41.56%

14.3%

23.4%

6.5%

6%

8.4%

3.2 分析结果与探讨

从上表可以看出,韩礼德的六个过程模式在英文议论中呈现不均衡分布。从整体来看,物质过程和关系过程所占比例分别为33%和34.4%。这就意味着在英文议论文中,物质和关系过程占据主体地位,二者总体超过总数的三分之二,而其他四个过程仅占不到三分之一。单从主句来看,关系过程以41.2%的比例占据主导地位,同时,我们可以发现一个非常有趣的现象,即物质,心理,言语过程所占比例均为16.5%。在从句的过程分布比例中,物质过程占41.5%,非常接近关系过程在主句中所占的比重。其次是关系过程,所占百分比为23.4。存在过程在整体分句,主句及从句中的分布比例较为稳定。出现比例最小的为行为过程。

结合小句过程模式的分布比例和议论文的特点,笔者的分析如下:

第一,物质过程是摆事实,讲论据的最佳途径。作为质询和决策的方式之一,议论文应当提供充分有力的证据来引领读者挖掘事件的方方面面。论据通常包括常识,例证,事实,数据,引用等等。有效的论据必须能够清楚直接地证明论点cssci期刊目录。一般情况下,人的行为即为已经发生的无可改变的既成事实,而物质过程作为外部经验的表述恰好使其成为了提供论据最为常用的模式。在议论文中,从句通常扮演着为主句提供事实或数据的角色,由此不难解释为何物质过程在从句中占据绝对比例。例如,在复杂句“advertisements are now so numerous that theyare very negligently perused”中,其从句“they are verynegligently perused,”阐述了主句所引发的事实结果。相反地,主观意见和心理活动的论证说明力远不如事实,这也正是心理过程在议论文中所占比重较小的原因。

第二,关系过程在英文议论文中的显著地位源于其对逻辑关系的阐释。逻辑性对议论文至关重要功能语法,议论文的目的就是通过理性说明来赢得读者的认同,而读者对新观点的认同建立在其已认同的事实和原理的基础之上。因此,从本质上来说,议论文是通过良好的逻辑建立和加强共同与合作意识的过程。换言之,所有能够作为论据的事实和原理都必须相互并与结论有逻辑性地联系在一起,任何逻辑错误或推理失误都可能导致读者对整篇文章论点的怀疑。关系过程,表明一项经验与另一项经验之间的关系,恰好能够清楚地阐释读议论文中的逻辑关系。以代表句型“x is a”为例,x与a之间的逻辑关系并非唯一的。a既可作为某项特征表明x的特性,也可作为指代与x进行互换。简而言之,在关系过程中,主句通常是被从句归纳化或概念化的特征或指代。

第三,在英文议论中,看似表达主观观点与意愿的言语过程同样不可或缺。引用权威的语言,观点,评论或表达都常常作为强有力的事实支撑来赞同或反对某一观点,而无论是直接引用还是间接引用,都必须通过言语过程来体现。

第四,其他过程类型在英文议论文中同样占据一席之地并发挥着举足轻重的作用。对议论文而言,描述,叙述,阐释等写作手法的合理利用与相辅相成无疑是锦上添花。正因如此,六个过程在英文议论文中的不同分布比例恰好是议论文客观,有逻辑,严肃及某种程度上带有一定主观色彩的特点等要求的自然结果。

英语小作文建议信的万能句【五】

??寓言小故事:The Wolf and the Lamba

Wolf, meeting with a Lamb astray from the fold, resolved not to lay violent hands on him, but to find some plea, which should justify to the Lamb himself his right to eat him. He thus addressed him:"Sirrah, last year you grossly insulted me." "Indeed," bleated the Lamb in a mournful tone of voice, "I was not then born." Then said the Wolf, "You feed in my pasture."

"No, good sir," replied the Lamb, "I have not yet tasted grass." Again said the Wolf, "You drink of my well." "No," exclaimed the Lamb, "I never yet drank water, for as yet my mother′s milk is both food and drink to me." On which the Wolf seized him, and ate him up, saying, "Well! I won′t remain supperless, even though you refute every one of my imputations."The tyrant will always find a pretext for his tyranny.

狼和小羊

一只狼瞧见一只迷路失群的小羊,决定暂缓下毒手,想先找一些理由,对小羊证明自己有吃它的权利。它就说:「小鬼!你去年曾经骂过我。」小羊可怜地说:「老实说,我去年还没有出生呢。」狼再说:「你在我的草地上吃过草。」

小羊回答说:「不,好先生,我还未曾尝过草的味道呢。」狼又说:「你喝过我井里的.水。」小羊叫道:「不,我从没有喝过水,因为直到今天为止,我都是吃着母亲的奶汁。」狼一听这话,便抓住它,把它吃下去,便说:「好!即使你驳倒我每一句话,我终究要吃晚餐的!」暴君总有他暴行的借口。

英语小作文建议信的万能句【六】

作为当今最有影响力之一的语言学理论,功能语法以社会学为导向,着重语言的功能性研究。其创始人韩礼德从儿童和成人的语言学习角度将语言功能高度理论化。根据韩的观点,儿童所使用的最原始的语言能够被简概为一套高度编码且抽象的功能,其中包含三个元功能(纯理功能):概念功能(ideational function),人际功能(interpersonal function)以及语篇功能(textualfunction)[1]。概念功能进一步被细化为和逻辑功能,表述在我们周围及自身所发生的事情,称之为“内容(content)”。概念功能通过及物性(transitivity)来实现,及物性由六个过程组成,即物质过程,心理过程,关系过程,行为过程,言语过程和存在过程。

功能语法把用来表达一系列概念意义,抽象和具体的外部世界,以及人的意识过程的结构单位叫做小句(clause),即句子或类似句子结构的统称。一个小句包含三个功能成份:过程(process),参与者(participant),和环境(circumstantials)。其中主要成份过程代表事件或状态,参与者即从时间,地点,方式等各个层面参与的人或事功能语法,而具体的参与者功能取决于过程类型。语言的及物性和作格性能够帮助将过程进行归类,及物性把经验世界看作是一套可控的过程模式。简而言之,及物性是与概念元功能相一致的小句语法,及物性分析能够定义不同的过程类型并由此决定过程的参与者,从而明确过程与参与者之间的逻辑关系[2]。

在韩提出的六个过程中,物质,心理和关系过程是最主要的。他们作为经验理论,是语法的奠基石,呈现三种截然不同的结构,是篇章中所有小句的主体。同时,韩提出了一个假设,这三个过程在整个语言中的分布频率大致平衡。然而,他自己也承认,此理论未经证实[3]。韩礼德用来阐释六个过程的小句皆为简短且相互独立无关联的句子,而此后的相关过程模式研究也仅仅探究了口头语篇或主观自创的例句cssci期刊目录。