八下英语第一单元作文对话类【一】
冬天的一个早晨,北风呼啸,寒风刺骨。某车站里的人太多了。不少入口处后面都排成了长龙,只有“母子上车处”候车的人不多。
人们都躲在家里,但为了一些事出去,那个抱着一个小孩子的妇女,将宝宝卷得实实结结的,抱了出来,来车站,她走向前面那个“母子上车处”的通道口那里已经站了不少的人在排队。
站在那里的却是四位衣冠楚楚、身强体健的男士,而把一个抱着婴儿的妇女挤在了通道外,那对母子正用诧异的眼光看着他们:他们既不是残疾人,也不抱着小孩,可为什么他们却站在母子上车处?难道他们是文盲吗?不,他们有的穿着漂亮的大衣,皮鞋擦得锃亮,有的甚至还戴着眼镜,都像是有文化的人。他们只是为了自己能得到一点小小的利益,在众人诧异的眼光下,仍摆出一副对指示牌视而不见的态度,若无其事地站在那里,丝毫没有想给这对母子让位的意思。
从图上四位男士的衣着得知,他们都是认识指示牌上的每一个字的,但是却没有付诸行动,把方便让给最需要的人,还刻意地假装文盲来逃避正确的公共秩序。在我看来,他们的的确确是“文盲”,不过在这里我所指的“文盲”并不是“文化”的“文”,而是“文明”的“文”。一个泱泱大国,最需要的就是全民族的团结,最基本的就是文明、道德。可是在图上的四个男青年却连最起码的遵守秩序也做不到,谈何文明、谈何道德?类似这样的事情在生活中发生的并不罕见,有多少人为贪图自己的方便或者利益,让真正需要给予帮助的人得不到原有的支援。
假文盲,真得盲。
八下英语第一单元作文对话类【二】
大寒天,船夫出外划船,他把自己的孩子也带去。船夫用力划了一程,觉得身体很热,便脱去了外衣,只穿一件单衣。
他跑进船舱,对自己的孩子说:
“太热了,让我替你把外衣脱掉!”
他把孩子的外衣脱了,也只让他穿一件单衣。
船夫又划了一程,浑身热得淌汗,他索性把自己仅穿的一件单衣也脱掉了。
“呵,太热了!太热了!”他又走进船舱,把孩子的衣服也脱得精光。
船夫划得多有劲呀,身上冒着热气,淌着汗。然而他可怜的孩子,在船舱里已经冻僵了.
八下英语第一单元作文对话类【三】
一、英文书信的结构
第一节英文书信的结构
英文书信一般由以下六部分组成:信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、结尾、签名。
1.信头(Heading)
信头是指发信人的地址和日期,通常写在第一页的右上角。行首可以齐头写,也可以逐行缩进写。地址的书写顺序由小到大:门牌号、街道、城市、省(州)、邮编、国名,最后写发信日期。私人信件一般只写寄信日期即可。例如:
123 Tianhe Road
Tianhe District
Guangzhou 510620
Guangdong Province
P. R. C.
Jan 8,20xx
2.信内地址(Inside Address)
信内地址要写收信人的姓名和地址。在公务信件中要写明这一项,在私人信件中,这一项常常省略。该项写在写信日期下一行的左上角,格式与寄信人地址一样。
3.称呼(Salutation)
称呼是对收信人的`称谓,应与左边线对齐,写在收信人姓名、地址下面1—2行处。在称呼后,英国人常用逗号,美国人则常用冒号。在私人信件中可直呼收信人的名字,但公务信件中一定要写收信人的姓。大部分信件在称呼前加“Dear”。如:
Dear Professor/Prof。 Bergen:
Dear Dr。 Johnson,
对不相识的人可按性别称呼:
Dear Sir:或Dear Madam:Dear Ladies。
如果不知收信人的性别则可用Dear Sir or Madam:
4.正文(Body of Letter)
正文是书信的主体。与中文信件不同的是,英文书信的正文的开头不是先写一些问候语,再阐明写信的目的,而是直接说明写信人的身份及写信的目的,然后提出写信人的情况、想法或要求,并加以必要的解释或说明。英文书信陈述目的时,应该直截了当,意思明确,层次清楚,言简意赅。
书信正文的第一句话或第一段,通常被称为起首语。一般说来,人们习惯用一些客套的写法作为书信正文的起始,即先将对方来信的日期、主题加以简单描述,以便使对方一看便知该信是回答哪一封信的。如果是第一次给别人写信,也可用开头语作必要的自我介绍,并表明自己写信的主要目的。
5.结尾礼词(Complimentary Close)
公务信件的结尾礼词包含两部分:发信人的结尾套语与署名。结
尾套语写在签名上面一行,第一个字母要大写,套语结尾后面要加逗号。在公务信件中,发信人常用的结尾套语有:
Yours truly,Yours sincerely,Respectfully yours,Cordially yours,Yours cordially等。
私人信件中,发信人常用的结尾套语有:
Sincerely yours,Lovely yours,Your lovely,Your loving son/daughter等。
6. 签名(Signature)
写信人的签名常位于结尾礼词正下方一二行。除非是给很熟悉的人写信,签名一般须写出全名。签名常常较潦草,不易辨认,因此在签名的正下方须打印出全名。
第二节书信作文的出题形式和写作要领
1990年到20xx年1月之间的四级考试作文题中,书信作文共出现两次(20xx年6月和20xx年1月)。下面,我们先来看看20xx年6月四级考试的作文题:
Directions:For this part,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter。 Suppose you are Zhang Ying。 Write a letter to Xiao Wang,a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week—long holiday。 You should write at least 120 words according to the suggestion given below in Chinese:
1.表示欢迎
2.提出对度假安排的建议
3.提醒应注意的事项
A Letter to a Schoolmate
June 23,20xx
Dear Xiao Wang,
__________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________.
Yours,
Zhang Ying
从上面的例子可见,书信作文不仅给出正文部分的内容的提纲,而且还给出书信各部分的结构的框架。也就是说,我们只要考虑如何表达提纲部分的内容,而不用考虑书信的结构。
在写书信作文时,首先要把书信正文的提纲内容细化,扩展成更细的英文提纲,然后用简洁、明了、礼貌、正确和得体的语言表达出细化了的提纲内容。例如前面的那封信就可以列出下面的提纲:Topic:A Letter to a SchoolmateQuestion:What are the holiday arrangements and points for attention?
Outline:
I.Extending my welcome
II.Holiday schedule
1.1st day – campus
2. 2nd day – the art gallery & music hall
3. 3rd day – mountain climbing4。 next 3 days – other places of interest(Swan Cave,Golden Lake?)
4. Last day – departure
III.Points for attention
1.Train number & time of arrival
2. Sunglasses
IV. Looking forward to seeing you。
1.Conclusion
范文:
A Letter to A Schoolmate
June 23,20xx
Dear Xiao Wang,
I’m very glad to learn that you’re going to visit me during the week—long holiday.My parents will also be happy to see you again.I am sure you will enjoy every minute here.
I have arranged our schedule for the holiday as follows.On the first day you arrive,I’ll show you around our campus. On the second day,we’ll visit the art gallery and the music hall. Next day,we’ll climb a hill in the northeastern part of the city.On the top of the hill,we can have a wonderful bird’s eye view of the city. During the next three days,we’ll make some short trips to some places of interest.
Yours,
Zhang Ying
八下英语第一单元作文对话类【四】
aboutasto
getacquire(knowledge/skills
offerafford(jobopportunities
expectanticipatechanges/difficulities
solvetackle/grapplewith
raiseelevate/heighten
mostimportantoverriding/override
combinesynthesize
supportuphold(ournationalvalues
deepen
weak
usetoomuch
becauseof
satisfy
learn
finally
right
know
miss
dotogether
boring
balance
difference
prettybutlessuseful
fresh
happenagain
good
difficult
perfect
urgent
sad
many/toomuch
fast-growing
maketrue
should
control
broadenone’shorizon
spendAonB
AisimportanttoB
finishsthby
decidetodo
sthisimportant
finditdifficulttodofuelvfuelconflictssap/one’sconfidencestretchnaturalresourcestothelimitattributeto/ascribetomeet/begearedtoward+sthdrawonothers’experienceendupdoing/endwithmakesensenaildownpassuppitchinsitthroughequilibriumecologicalequilibriumdistinctionnicetiesnoveltyrecurringpaindesirableundesirable:notgoodchallengingflawlesspressingbittermounting/awealthofburgeoningpopulationfulfillbesupposetoholdfasttoone’sdreamexpandone’soutlookdedicateAtoBAbeanessentialingredientof/bepartandparcelof/bethecornerstoneofBexploreeveryavenuetowardmakeitapointtodobeamilepostinbehard-pressedtodo/haveahardtimedoingsth
conflictbeatoddswith
few/littleverylittle,ifany
opposefrownon
befullofbeinundated/saturatedwith
todoharmtobelikelytofallpreyto/bevulnerableto
concerncausegraveconcern/concernshavearisenabout
meanspelldisaster/troublefor
makesthsthAhasrenderBsth
tootosthhasreachedsuchproportionthat/…tothepointwhere…mostimportantmorethananything,/andaboveall
growtheproliferationoffast-food/cybergames
seesthobjectivelyputsthinperspective
thinksthmostimportantit’shardtooverstatethesignificanceofneedsthnecessitate/entail
bedevotedtobebenton/upon
showmirror/embody
differentthewholespectrumof
turningpointbeawatershed
accordingtointheeyesof
affecthinder
ageera
aimtargetv
andalongwith/aswellas
andsoonthelike
appearmushroom/springup/sproutup
applyputintopractice
askconsult
aspectsphere
attachenclose
attracttempt/appealto
audienceviewer
basisfoundation
beabletobecapableto
beconvenientatone’sconvenience
begoodatbeskilledat
behelpfulbeofhelp
beimportantbeofimportance
benearbearoundthecorner
beobviousitgoeswithoutsayingthat…/itisarguablethatberisingskyrocket/rocket/soar
besuretobeboundto
besurprisedatbeamazedat
beuselessbeofnouse
bearbeloadedwith
becauseofdueto
becomefashionablecomeintoafashion
becomehappycheerup
beforeoriginal
buildfound/putup/shape
buyafford
byoneselfallalone
carefulattentive
causeattributeto/leadto
changemodify/shift/fluctuation
changewithvarywith
cheatingdeception
choosefrommakeachoicebetween
clearevident/self-evident
comefromstemfrom/springfrom
comeoutcomeforth
complainplaceacomplaintagainst
considerconvince/figureout/givethoughtto
consider…..importantattachimportanceto/laymuchemphasisuponcontinuegoahead
controlinthegripsof
cooperatejoinhandswith
decidedetermine
deepprofound/far-reaching
dependonhingeupon/counton
dependononeselfliveonone’sown
developcultivate/buildup
difficultybarrier
diligentindustrious
dogoinfor/carryout
dogooddofavor/helpv
dropdecline/ontheebb
eatlessgoonadiet
emphasisputahighvalueon/treasurev/valuev/cherishv
enablefacilitate
encouragespursbonto/motivate
endangerjeopardize
enforcestrengthen
engagemajorin
enjoybecrazyabout
enlargebroaden
enoughadequate
evaluatespeakhighlyof
explainuavelthemysteryof/accountfor/beresponsiblefor
facebefacedwith/faceup
failfrustrate
failurefrustration
fameprestige
famousprominent
famouspeoplegalaxy
feelingpassion/sentiments
findlocate
findoutsortout
finishaccomplish
firelayoff
fixinginstallation
focusoncenteron
forexampleacaseinpoint
foreverpermanent
futureprospective
getacquire/regain
getridofeliminate
givegrant/issue
give/supplyprovide…with
giveattentiontogivepriorityto
globaluniversal
goonbringforward
goalheart’sdesire
goodbeneficial
goodstudentstopstudents
goodsnecessity
greatenormous/dramatic
greatprime/utmost
greetingsregards
growflourish
happinesswell-being
havepossess
havearelationshipwithbeontermswith
hopelookforwardto
hopetodosthbeeagertososth./longtodosthhopefulpromising
ignoreneglect
illnessdisease
importantessential/vita
improveenhance/boost/upgrade
improvementadvance
ingroupsintwosandthrees
includemakeup
increasesoar
influencemold
intendtargettodosth./bemeanttodointerestedcrazy
interestinglywithgreatinterestintroductionprospectus
investigationsurvey
joboccupation/employment
joinmaintain/holdonto
keepmaintain/holdonto
killoneselfcommitsuicide
knowgrasp/beawareof/knowaboutknowledgecommand
leavedepartfrom
likepreference
limitconfine
loadburden
lookaroundexamine
lookforruninto/huntfor
lookup…inreferto
lowerinferior
makenervousplacestrainon
makeprogressmakeleapsin/pressforwardmakesureguarantee
makesurethattoseeitthat…
manyberichin/countless
meetruninto/comeacross
messchaos
necessaryindispensable
needbeinneedof
nothesitatefeelfreetodosth
notknowbeignorantof
number
obvious
occupation
offer
only
outcome
overcome
pass
payattentionto
people
perform
period