四级作文哪三篇【一】
论证是用论据来证明论点的过程。议论文的论点是要解决“要证明什么”，论据是要解决“用什么来证明”，而论证是解决“如何进行论证”的问题。论证的目的在于揭示出论点和论据之间的内在逻辑关系。
(一议论文的论证一般分为立论和驳论两大类型
①立论是对一定的事件或问题从正面阐述作者的见解和主张的论证方法。
表明自己的态度时，要注意以下三点：
1这些看法和主张必须是经过认真的思考或者一定的实践，确实是自己所独有的正确的认识和见解，或者是切实能解决实际问题的主张。要使读者感到有新意，增长知识，提高对事物的认识。
2必须围绕所论述的问题和中心论点来进行论证。开篇提出怎样的问题，结篇要归结到这一问题。在论证过程中，不能离题万里，任意发挥，或者任意变换论题。如果有几个分论点，每个分论点都要与中心论点有关联，要从属于中心论点。所有论证都要围绕中心论点进行。这样读者才能清楚地了解分论点和中心论点。议论文的逻辑性很强，论证必须紧扣中心，首尾一致。
3“立”往往建立在“破”的基础之上。在立论的过程中，需要提到一些错误的见解和主张，加以否定和辩驳，以增强说服力，使读者不会误解自己的观点。
②驳论是以有力的论据反驳别人错误论点的论证方式。有三种方法：反驳论点、反驳论据、反驳论证。由于议论文是由论点、论据、论证三部分有机构成的，因此驳倒了论据或论证，也就否定了论点，与直接反驳论点具有同样效果。一篇驳论文可以几种反驳方式结合起来使用，以加强反驳的力量和说服力。
1反驳论点，即直接反驳对方论点本身的片面、虚假或谬误，这是驳论中最常用的方法。
2反驳论据，即揭示对方论据的错误，以达到推倒对方论点的目的;因为错误的论据必定得出错误的论点。
3反驳论证，即揭露对方在论证过程中的逻辑错误，如大前提、小前提与结论的矛盾，对方各论点之间的矛盾，论点与论据之间矛盾等等。
立论和驳论都是一种证明，无非一个是从正面证明其正确，而另一个是从反面证明其错误。它们可以使用基本相同的论证方法。
(二论证的基本结构层次：
三段论式的结构。提出问题(引论→分析问题(本论→解决问题(结论
常见的论证结构：a、总分式结构 b、对照式结构 c、层进式结构 d、并列式结构
(三论证方法有以下几种：
1举例论证(事实论证：列举确凿、充分、有代表性的事例证明论点;(作用：具体有力地论证了观点(主论点或分论点，增强文章的说服力
2道理论证：用马列主义经典著作中的精辟见解，古今中外名人的名言警句以及人们公认的定理公式等来证明论点;(作用：有力地论证了观点(主论点或分论点，增强文章的权威性和说服力
3对比论证：拿正反两方面的论点或论据作对比，在对比中证明论点;(作用：突出全面地论证观点(主论点或分论点，让人印象深刻
4比喻论证：用人们熟知的事物作比喻来证明论点。(作用：生动形象地论证了观点(主论点或分论点，使文章浅显易懂，易于理解和接受此外，在驳论中，往往还采用“以子之矛，攻子之盾”的批驳方法和“归谬法”。在多数议论文中往往是综合运用的。
5引用论证：引用论证比较复杂，这与具体的引用材料有关，有引用、格言警句、权威数据、名人佚事、笑话趣闻等各种情况。(作用：【要具体分析】如引用名人名言、格言警句、权威数据，可以增强论证的说服力和权威性;引用名人佚事、奇闻趣事，可以增强论证的趣味性，吸引读者下读。
四级作文哪三篇【二】
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先，提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段：提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段：正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段：摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次，提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性，连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity：段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛，也不可太具体，做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明，另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence：关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰，层层展开。
完整性(completeness：以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头，这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次，提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型：It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单，注意练习并接句的使用，会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as，如：
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头，句式简单，我们可以通过把since提前改变句式，如：
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后，提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法：millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论，辩论”的意思，而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.，相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略：使用最近所学的单词，如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后，我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文，以供参考：
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
四级作文哪三篇【三】
四级作文哪三篇【四】
是读书之后写出自己的认识、感想、体会和得到的启发与收获的一种笔记。
读书笔记并不等于，贴这个出来是为了让大家在完成作业时有灵活性!
四级作文哪三篇【五】
1、摘录式。这是小学中低段就应开始学习的一种读书笔记方法，其目的在指导学生把课内外阅读中的重点词句，精彩的段落或名言、警句等摘录下来，进行语言的积累。在摘录的时候要忠实原文，注意不要断章取义，不要改动字句和标点，每条摘录笔记应当“少而精”。“少”指字数较少，“精”指把握内容要点。一段话中，前后和中间不需要摘录的文字，可以用省略号表示，每次读书笔记都要注明是从哪本书里第几页抄录的，作者是谁。如果是在报纸、杂志上摘录的，就要把报纸、杂志的名称、日期写上，还要注明文章的标题和作者。这样便于以后使用时查对。
2、提要式。把文章读懂，抓住文章的中心，理清文章的条理，给文章分段，小结文章的写法，把有关内容按一定的顺序写下来，列成提纲写笔记。
3、心得式。读完一本好书或一篇好的文章，将自己的感想和体会写出来，这种读书笔记就 心得式笔记，这是写笔记的一种高级形式。写心得笔记，可以就整篇文章谈感想，也可以就文章的某一点，比如，文章的重点句子，段落来写体会。要紧扣原文，突出重点，不能脱离文章内容空谈感想，要注意联系实际，要注意捕捉生活中的火花来表达自己的真情实感。经常写读后感，可以提高阅读和的能力;还可以增长知识，提高认识事物的能力。
指导学生写好读书笔记不是一件容易的事，学生往往会把读书笔记当作是简单的抄写练习，书写很不规范，俗话说：“万事开头难”在开始做读书笔记时，教师应要求学生态度认真，书写时字的左右上下都要有一定的距离，字要看得清楚，否则，做完后，连自己也不愿意看，没有达到积累语言的目的。要求学生把读书笔记写在本子的正面，一面写一个内容。对学生的读书笔记，到了一定的时间，如：期中或期末，应注意引导学生养成定期整理的习惯，可以另外拿一本笔记本来整理，在整理的过程中把平时分散、零碎的知识系统地整理起来，也可以用剪贴的方法来组织学生进行归类整理笔记。
四级作文哪三篇【六】
Dear Mary,
You said in your letter that many of your classmates wore fashionableclothes, but you couldn\'t afford them so you felt very depressed. There are dif-ferent views on people\'s clothes. The followings are my ideas:
Firstly, you shouldn\'t put too much emphasis on physical appearance.
Remember that the most important task for you today is to concentrate on yourstudies. No matter what you wear, you will really look your best when youcome out first in your examinations.
Secondly, you should understand that it is a fine virtue to live in fru-gality. Just as a famous saying goes, Frugality is the mother of virtue.
Since your family can\'t provide you with enough money to buy fashionableclothes, it is all the more necessary for you to try to lighten the financialburden of your family. And you will find the virtue of frugality benefit youa lot in your future life.
I hope you understand what I mean. Hope you will take a positive attitudetowards life and will be happy again when you read my letter.
Yours,
Anne
