二年级作文写作思路与框架【一】
Sperber和Wilson主张用“关联原则”来解释人类的交际。他们认为，语言交际是一个认知过程，交际双方之所以能够配合默契，是因为有一个最佳的认知模式，即“关联”。关联由两个因素决定：语境效果和心智努力。人类认知活动的目标就是在认知过程中力图以最小的心智努力获得最大的语境效果。为了达到这个目标，人们必须把注意力集中于最为“关联”的信息，以获取信息和语境的最佳关联。最佳关联是指在话语理解时以一定的心智努力获得足够的语境效果。
交际是否成功关键在于人对事物之间的联系或关联的认识。人类在认知过程中往往以最大关联为取向，但在实际交际过程中我们只能期待产生一个最佳关联，即听者在理解话语时用最小的认知努力获得足够的语境效果，并以交际为取向。关联理论认为语境是一个在互动过程中为了正确理解话语而存在于人们大脑中的一系列假设，所以关联理论的语境不限于现实环境中的情景或话语本身的语境，交际中的语境不是固定不变的，而是动态的。而最佳的语境效果是由明示——推理模式提供的。明示，即说话人明白无误地表达出自己的意图；推理，即听话人从说话人提供的信息中推断出说话人暗含的意图。其中，听话人的推理是理解话语的核心，而关联则是听话人推理的基础。对话语进行推理就是在话语与语境假设之间寻找一种关联，关联选取得当就会获得足够的语境效果，有了语境效果，就能正确理解话语，使交际获得成功。
二年级作文写作思路与框架【二】
??藤根的功效与作使用说明【出处】出自《闽东本草》
【拼音名】Gōu Ténɡ Gēn
【英文名】root of Sharpleaf Gambirplant
【来源】
药材基源：为双子叶植物药茜草科植物钩藤
拉丁植物动物矿物名：Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq. Jacks.
采收和储藏：夏、秋季采收，洗净，切片晒干。
【原形态】
1.钩藤 常绿木质藤本，长可达10m。小枝四棱柱形，褐色，季净无毛。叶腋有成对或单生的钩，向下弯曲，先端尖，长约1.7-2cm。叶对生;具短柄;叶片卵形，卵状长圆形或椭圆形，长5-12cm，宽3-7cm，先端渐尖，基部宽楔形，全缘，上面光亮，下面在脉腋内常有束毛，略呈粉白色，干后变褐红色;托叶2深裂，裂片条状钻形，长6-12mm。头状花序单个腋生或为顶生的总状花序式排列，直径2-2.5cm;总花梗纤细，长2-5cm;花黄色，花冠合生，上部5裂，裂片外被粉状柔毛;雄蕊5;子房下位。蒴果倒卵形或椭圆形，被疏柔毛，有宿存萼。种子两端有翅。
2.华钩藤 本种与钩藤的`区别在于：叶片无毛;托叶全缘，宽三角形至圆形，或有时顶端略微陷;萼裂片短于2mm，线状长圆形;花和小蒴果近于无柄，花间小苞片存在。
3.大叶钩藤 本种与前两种睥区别在于：叶片大，革质;花萼裂片线状长圆形;花和小蒴果具柄，花间小苞片无。
【生境分布】
生态环境：1.生于谷溪边的疏林中。
2.生于山地林中。
3.生于山地次生林中。
资源分布：1.分布于陕西、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、湖北、湖南、广东广西、四川、贵州、云南等地。
2.分布于湖北、湖南、广西、四川、贵州、云南等地。
3.分布于广东、广西、云南等地。
【化学成份】根含吲哚生物碱类：钩藤碱(rhynchophylli-ne, 异钩藤碱(isorhynchophylline，去氢钩藤碱(corynoxeine，异去氢藤碱(isocorynoxeine，硬毛钩藤碱(hirsutine，去氢硬毛色藤碱(hirsuteine，柯楠因碱(corynantheine，二氢柯楠因碱(di-hydrocorynantheine，缝籽蓁甲醚(geissoschizine methyl ether和阿枯米京碱(aluammigine，β-育亨宾(β-yohimbine
【性味】苦涩;寒
【归经】肝经
【功能主治】舒筋活络;清热消肿。主关节痛风;半身不遂;;水肿;跌扑损伤
【用法用量】内服：煎汤，15-24g，大剂量可用30-90g。
【附方】①治风湿性关节炎，坐骨痛：钩藤根五至八钱。水煎服。(广州部队《常用中草药手册》②治关节痛风：钩藤根半斤，加烧酒适量，浸一天后，分三天服。(《浙江民间常用草药》③治半身不遂：钩藤根四两，五加根皮、枫荷梨根各二两。水煎去渣，同老鸭一只炖服。④治精神分裂症(癫痫：钩藤根一两，石菖蒲根三钱。水煎服，每日一剂。⑤治小儿高热：钩藤根三至五钱。水煎服。⑥治妊娠水肿：钩藤根一两五钱。水煎去渣，同鸡一只炖服。⑦治跌打损伤：钩藤根三两，水煎服，白酒为引;药渣捣烂外敷。(③方以下出《江西草药》
【摘录】《中华本草》
二年级作文写作思路与框架【三】
二年级作文写作思路与框架【四】
（1） 不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows： in the first place， ___原因一_______.Furthermore， in the second place， ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People， however， differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view， on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand， ____原因二_____. Therefore， there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned， I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________， but also because _________. The more _______， the more ________.
（2）利弊型的`议论文
Nowadays， there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）___作文题目
______. In fact， there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking， it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly， ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes， "every coin has two sides"， __讨论议题______ is no exception， and in another word， it still has negative aspects. To begin with， ___缺点一______. In addition， ____ 缺点二______.
To sum up， we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play， and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case， we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
（3）答题性议论文
Currently， there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result， we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all， __途径一______. In addition， anotheer way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all， to solve the problem of ___作文题目______， we should find a
number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned， I would prefer to solve the problem in this way， that is to say， ____方法_____.
（4） 谚语警句性议论文
It is well know to us that the proverb： " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. （ also theoretically ）
A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore， it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二_.
Itis not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
（2）利弊型的议论文
目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题
_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspJust As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides",is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with,To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of 讨论议题
into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.
( 3 答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this pr______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concern
( 4 谚语警句性议论文
语 has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our stu. ( also theoretically
______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____ With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语
_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..
★★★图表作文的框架
as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the _____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases,significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to
show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned,
I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
二年级作文写作思路与框架【五】
小蜗牛慢慢地，慢慢地，不急也不慌，爬呀爬，爬到了森林里。它看见了一条毛茸茸的东西，喜欢极了，就问：“你是谁呀？为什么你的身上有那么多的毛？”毛毛虫滚滚胖乎乎的身子回答道:“人们叫我毛毛虫。我这一身又密又扎人的细毛是为了保护自己呢！”毛毛虫揉揉眼睛，瞪大眼珠子问:“你又是谁呢？你家住哪里？”
小蜗牛微笑着说:“我叫小蜗牛，住在公园里。你和我成为朋友。好吗？”
毛毛虫笑呵呵地回答:“当然可以。”于是它们聊呀，跑呀，笑呀，好开心，并约定本周六在公园里碰面一起散步呢！
周六那天，毛毛虫早早来到公园，它想知道小蜗牛的房子到底怎么样？它找呀找，看呀看，一点线索也没有！可它看见了一个壳，形状就像它最爱吃的花卷图案。毛毛虫好奇地爬过去。突然，小蜗牛伸出了长长的脑袋。毛毛虫吓了一跳，就问：“你怎么从这里出来了啊？”
小蜗牛摆摆脑袋，自豪地说:“这是我的家，我每天背着它走路和爬树的。”毛毛虫开心地说:“真神奇啊，原来这就是你的.房子呀！”
小蜗牛背着它的小房子，毛毛虫带着它的“武器”一边散步，一边观赏美丽的风景，成了最好的朋友。
二年级作文写作思路与框架【六】
我睁开朦胧的眼睛，“怎么这么吵，打扰人家休息！”瞧瞧书桌，哟，字全都从《新华字典》跑出来大吵大闹。
“怎么回事？”我惊讶极了。“你还好意思说，你们人类滥用字符，可把我们害惨了！”“字”字气愤地说。我感到有些莫名其妙：“我没有乱用字符啊”“好”字说：“你是没有，是其他人，我们特地到这儿来向你诉苦的！”“就……是，是，就，就就是……”“结”字结结巴巴地说。
我十分好奇：“有什么苦呀！”话一落音，书桌立刻炸开了锅：“你是不知道……”“哎呀，说来话长……”我的耳膜快被震破了：“一个一个说，你先说，你第二，第三……”
“ 幕”字说：“你可不知道，按自打从娘胎里出来就没受过这等子气。你们人老分不出俺和哥子，屏幕的幕明明是我，偏去写他羡慕的幕。哼！”
“还有，还有！”“争”字争先恐后：“风筝的.筝明明我结拜兄弟，却……”“争”字说不气得出话来，小学五年级作文《字与字之间的争吵作文》。“你先消消气。”我说。
“书”字说：“我本是人类文明的延续，却被毁了容，明明有一点，却硬是被名叫少一点的男孩给我去了，连人样都没了！”
……
这时，字典爷爷站了出来，它说：“你们都别吵了，我来说句公道话。你们人类是应该反省一下了，字出了错，就不叫字了。
“知道了，我一定告诉他们。”说完，字们才不吵了。
同学们，别写错字，免得它们有吵架哦！
二年级作文写作思路与框架【七】
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
