工程管理专业英语作文文库【一】
选题是毕业设计的第一步。能否科学合理的选好题，就关系到毕业设计的质量能否得到保障。而在高职旅游管理专业的毕业设计中，选题不合理是最主要的问题，主要表现在以下三个方面：第一，选题没有针对性，由于学生自身的基础知识有限，在选题的过程中，往往会避繁就近，即繁难题目选择主动放弃，就近于参考书和网上能找到相关资料，如：《某酒店管理机制模式研究》就缺乏专业针对性。第二，所选题目范围把握不够准确，不是太小就是过于宽泛，太小则无法体现专业所学，过于宽泛则研究主题难以确定，这都将会对毕业设计造成阻碍。如：《某市的旅游研究》《某省旅游旅游开发的对策》等；第三，立意创新不足，容易落入陈俗旧道。由于学生在选题时参考的资料都是确定的内容，选择《某旅游景区问题分析》等旧题目时，只是一些简单的重复，没有新的观点和论据提出。
工程管理专业英语作文文库【二】
organizations
who are managers
A manager is someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other people so that organizational goals can be accomplished.
How do we define who managers are
we have first-line managers, the lowest level of management ,manage the work of nonmanagerial employees who typically are involved with producing the organization’s products or servicing the organization’s customers. First-line managers often have the title of supervisor, but they may also called shift managers, district managers, department managers, office managers, or even foreperson. middle managers include all levels of management between the first level and the top level of the organization. These managers manage the work of first-line managers and may have titles such as regional manager, project leader, plant manager, or division manager. At or near the upper levels of the organizational structure are the top managers, who are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization. These individuals typically have titles such as executive vice president, president, managing director, chief operating officer, chief executive officer, or chairperson.
what is management
management involves coordinating and overseeing the work activities of others so that their activities are completed efficiently and effectively.
Efficiency refers to getting the most output from the least amount of inputs.
Effectiveness is often described as doing things right, that is, not wasting resources.
what do managers do
management researchers have, after many years of study, developed three specific categorization schemes to describe what managers do: functions, roles, and skills. management functions
Planning: managers define goals, establish strategies for achieving those goals, and develop plans to integrate and coordinate activities.
organizing: managers are responsible for arranging and structuring work to accomplish the organization’s goals.
Leading: managers motivate subordinate, help resolve work group conflicts, influence individuals or teams as they work, select the most effective communication channel, or deal in any way with employee behavior issues.
controlling: managers have to monitor, compare and correct everything that is deviating. management roles
The term management roles refers to specific categories of managerial behavior.
Interpersonal roles are roles that involve people and other duties that are ceremonial symbolic in nature. The three interpersonal roles include figurehead, leader, and liaison.
Informational roles involve collecting, receiving, and disseminating information. The three informational roles are monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson.
Decisional roles entail making decisions or choices. The four decisional roles are entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator.
management skills
Technical skills are the job-specific knowledge and techniques needed to proficiently perform specific tasks. These skills tend to be more important for lower-level managers because they typically are managing employees who are suing tools and techniques to produce the organization’s products or service the organization’s customers.
Human skills involve the ability to work well with other people both individually and in a group. Because managers deal directly with people, these skills are essential and equally important at all levels of management.
conceptual skills are the skills managers use to think and to conceptualize about abstract and complex situations. Using these skills, managers must see the organization as a whole, understand the relationships among various subunits, and visualize how the organization fits into its broader environment.
How the manager’s job is changing
what is an organization
An organization is a deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose.
Becoming a manager
1． Keep up with current business news.
2． Read books about good and bad examples of managing.
3． Remember that one of the things good managers do is discover what is unique about each
person and capitalize on it.
4． Keep in mind the simple advice of the late Peter Drucker, who has been called the most
influential management thinker of the twentieth century: management is about people.
5． work on your soft skills—work ethic, communications, information gathering, and people
skills. These are what employers cite as the most important factors for getting jobs.
6． observe managers and how they handle people and situations.
7． Talk actual managers about their experiences—good and bad.
8． Get experience in managing by taking on leadership roles in student organizations.
9． Start thinking about whether you’d enjoy being a manager.
工程管理专业英语作文文库【三】
旅游管理专业的指导老师由于自身实践经验的缺失，学生无法有效控制毕业设计的进程，导致毕业设计的指导工作难以进行。为了有效解决这个问题，可建立新型的双导师制度，即校内导师和校外导师双重指导。校内导师主要负责学生毕业设计的理论知识部分，而校外导师主要负责培养学生的实践操作能力。这样一来，既加强了专业理论知识的学习和提升，又增加了实践能力。但需要注意的是，建立双师指导制度以后，两位导师应该始终参与到整个毕业设计过程中来，只有这样，才能真正发挥双师制度的作用，使旅游管理专业学生的毕业设计通过双重指导达到理想的效果。
