上海中考英语作文考哪些方面【一】
阅读说明文时，边读边标出文章所使用的说明方法，然后总结主要使用了哪些方法，并进而分析这些说明方法对准确说明事物特征所起的作用。
二、逐段概括要点，理清说明顺序
概括要点时，要重视首括句、尾结句或提问式语句的作用，重视给概念下定义或解说的语句的作用。阅读时可以把这些语句勾画出来。概括要点时最好用完整的句子，意思要简明扼要。在逐段概括要点的基础上，用“同类合并”的方法，把全文划分为相对独立的几部分，概括出每部分的大意，把每部分的\'大意依次连缀起来，就能比较清楚地显示出全文的说明顺序了。使用什么说明顺序，还要看说明的对象。一般来说，说明事物的演变发展的，用时间顺序；说明建筑物的，用空间顺序；介绍高科技产品或说明事物间的联系的，用逻辑顺序。
三、整体感知，把握中心
在理清说明顺序的基础上，分析段与段、部分与部分之间的关系，就容易看出文章的基本结构了。如是总―分式的结构还要着重分析“分”的部分是按什么原则组合的，是并列，是递进，还是包含有总分关系。递进式结构要着重分析各层意思是怎样逐步深入展开的，是由现象到本质，还是由个别到一般，或是从结果到原因等等。把握结构后，最好能画出结构示意图。说明中心就是归纳出一篇说明文说明了被说明事物的怎样的特征，或阐释怎样的事理。在理清说明顺序、把握文章结构的基础上，再归纳说明中心也就不难了。
四、语言准确性
准确是说明语言的特点。分析说明文语言，就是看遣词造句是怎样准确说明被说明事物的特征的。要注意分析关键词语的作用。如《向沙漠进军》一文中“沙漠是人类最顽强的自然敌人之一”中去掉“最”不足以说明沙漠危害之严重；去掉“自然”“敌人”性质就不清楚；去掉“之一”就绝对化了。当然，文字的生动性也应充分注意。
上海中考英语作文考哪些方面【二】
1。 头绪分明，脉络清楚
写好记叙文，首先要头绪分明，脉络清楚，明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析，弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程，然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”，但动笔之前，围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心，详略得当
在文章的框架确定后，对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍，应该从表现文章主题的需要出发，分清主次，定好详略。要突出重点，详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节，略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化，使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题，也需要一定的技巧。如：
One night a man came to our house and told me， "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family， I saw the faces of those little children disfigured （破坏外貌） by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces， just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two， and went out， carrying half the rice。 When she came back， I asked her， "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer， "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言，准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动，又要表现力强，这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动，其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文：
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then， two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money， but they didn＇t take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后：
The other day， five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time， he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home， he started and crying。 Just then， two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy， why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom， I go home。" said the boy， still crying。
"Don＇t worry， we＇ll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy＇s house。 With the help of a policeman， they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound， she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully， she offered them some money， saying it was a way to express her thanks， but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
上海中考英语作文考哪些方面【三】
一个好的主题句是文章成功的一半。不仅文章有主题，段落有纲，句也必有中心。文章失却主题，就会不知所云;落无纲，则一盘散沙，句缺中心，就无意义。所以，在立足于篇章时，一定要首先明确文的主题;在发展段落时，也要首先写好主题句。从PETS三的特点来考虑，主题句最好是置于文首或段首，这样让人一目了然! 以下就是两个实用的开门见山式发展主题句的方法。
●To begin with, we must attach the greatest importance possible to this issue/fact (key word.
●As is well known to all, it is now high time that we took this (topic word into serious consideration.
上海中考英语作文考哪些方面【四】
导入：
第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文：
第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论：
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
上海中考英语作文考哪些方面【五】
导入：
第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句，承上启下
正文：
第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论：
第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段，构成\"总—分—总\"结构
